Chemosphere 87(9)
Overview of new articles on POPs in a new issue of the Chemosphere journal.
Pages 989-997
Minghong Cai, Zhiyong Xie, Axel Möller, Zhigao Yin, Peng Huang, Minggang Cai, Haizhen Yang, Renate Sturm, Jianfeng He, Ralf Ebinghaus
- Firstly evidence on the occurrence of neutral PFCs in Arctic Ocean was provided. New information on the spatial distribution PFCs are presented in Arctic air. Air temperature have a significant influence on the partitioning behavior of FASEs. Results confirmed the long-range atmospheric transport hypothesis of neutral PFCs.
Pages 998-1002
Dieter Lenoir, Oliver Klobasa, Marchela Pandelova, Bernhard Henkelmann, Karl-Werner Schramm
- The study focus on PCDD/F formation in aluminum smeltery using laboratory experiments. De novo synthesis was confirmed by chemical analysis and EROD-bioassay. The pattern of TCDD isomers were compared with those from other incineration processes.
Pages 1003-1008
Gustavo Solorzano-Ochoa, David A. de la Rosa, Pablo Maiz-Larralde, Brian K. Gullett, Dennis G. Tabor, Abderrahmane Touati, Barbara Wyrzykowska-Ceradini, Heidelore Fiedler, Todd Abel, William F. Carroll
- Large scale open burning experiments monitored for PCDD, PCDF, PCB. Active stirring of the burn mixture appears to promote reduction in PCDD/PCDF. Generation of PCDD/PCDF and ratio of CO/CO2highest near end of experiment. Applicable to emission factors for open burning under Stockholm Convention.
Pages 1009-1017
Joseph G. Schnitzler, Peter H.M. Klaren, Jean-Marie Bouquegneau, Krishna Das
- Contaminant concentrations affect the thyroid in sea bass from the major European coastal regions. The hepatic T4outer ring deiodinase and T4sulfation are affected T4glucuronidation was not affected. The observations can be interpreted as a pathway to homeostatically maintain thyroid hormone status. The higher chlorinated PCBs seemed to be the most implicated in this perturbation.
The occurrence of synthetic musks in human breast milk in Sichuan, China
Pages 1018-1023
Jie Yin, Hao Wang, Jing Zhang, Naiyuan Zhou, Fudie Gao, Yongning Wu, Jie Xiang, Bing Shao
- We evaluated the occurrence of synthetic musks in human milk from southwestern China. We investigated relationships between musk concentrations and personal characteristics. Five synthetic musks were detected with relatively low levels. Mothers’ age and use of perfumed products showed significant effects on musk levels. Our study provides background data on musk concentrations in Chinese population.
Modeling urban films using a dynamic multimedia fugacity model
Pages 1024-1031
Susan A. Csiszar, Miriam L. Diamond, Louis J. Thibodeaux
- Organic films accumulate on urban impervious surfaces. Films accumulate organic chemicals and act as a source or sink to the environment. The Multimedia Urban Model was extended to capture dynamic film behavior. Modeling results showed that films mainly act as a chemical sink from air. As film accumulates chemical it can become a source to the environment via wash-off.
Catalytic destruction of pentachlorobenzene in simulated flue gas by a V2O5–WO3/TiO2catalyst
Pages 1032-1038
Zhenzhen Xu, Shubo Deng, Yang Yang, Tingting Zhang, Qiming Cao, Jun Huang, Gang Yu
- Pentachlorobenzene in simulated flue gas can be destructed by a V2O5–WO3/TiO2catalyst. The coexisting SO2and NH3have negative effect and NO has positive effect on PeCB conversion. PeCB molecules are destructed in three reaction pathways.
Pages 1039-1044
L.S.T. Cunha, J.P.M. Torres, J. Muñoz-Arnanz, B. Jiménez
- PCBs and DDT were measured in the brown bobbies eggs in the Atlantic Ocean. Possible alterations in the eggshell characteristics were evaluated. Concentrations measured at one site were close to values considered harmful to birds. Data suggests that the colony closest to Rio de Janeiro was exposed recently to DDT. No alterations in the weight and shell thickness of the analyzed eggs were detected.
Pages 1045-1051
Lara Lamon, Matthew MacLeod, Antonio Marcomini, Konrad Hungerbühler
- Our mass balance model for PCBs in the Adriatic Sea reports that atmosphere acts as a source to the sea. PCBs’ fugacities tend to increase under the A1B scenario for all environmental compartments. PCBs’ concentrations in the environment change by up to 58% under the A1B scenario. Future exposure to chemicals will likely depend on the temporal trend of emissions in the Adriatic.
Behavior of perfluorinated compounds in soils during leaching experiments
Pages 1052-1056
V. Gellrich, T. Stahl, T.P. Knepper
- Flow-through column experiments were conducted to study leaching behavior of PFC (perfluorinated compounds). The analytes were detected in the aqueous column effluent utilizing liquid chromatography – tandem mass spectrometry. The observed percolation velocity seems to be strongly correlated with the length of the perfluorinated chain. A thorough sampling campaign had been performed in order to compare the occurrence with the model data.
Pages 1057-1062
Rance Nault, Samar Al-Hameedi, Thomas W. Moon
- We examine the energetic costs of exposure to PCBs in anin vivoandin vitromodel. Rainbow trout are shown to mobilize glucose upon exposure to PCB 126. Rainbow trout hepatocytes have impaired mitochondrial respiration upon exposure to PCB 77. Impaired mitochondrial respiration may mask increases in whole animal energy demand.
Pages 1063-1069
Anne L. Myers, Scott A. Mabury, Eric J. Reiner
- GC–MS/MS method developed for PXDD/PXDF analysis in soil. Method validation performed in analysis of soil from recycling plant fire site. Most PXDD/PXDF concentrations in soil were ∼10% that of PCDD/PCDF levels. Dibromo-dichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin levels 36% that of tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxins.
Pages 1070-1075
Kebede K. Kefeni, Jonathan O. Okonkwo
- Five PBBs and six PBDEs congeners were detected in office dust with non-uniform distribution in Pretoria, South Africa. Statistical significant correlation between ∑5PBBs and ∑6PBDEs was obtained showing the similarity of pollution sources. No correlation was observed between the total number of electronic materials and concentration of BFRs detected. Substantially, lower concentrations of PBDEs detected in office dust compared to developed countries.
3.4.2012
